what is executive function?

eleven cognitive skills your brain uses to get things done.

1planning and prioritisation

what needs doing, what matters most, and in what order

2organisation

using systems to keep on top of things

3time management

knowing where your time goes, estimating it and using it well

4task initiation

starting without procrastinating

5sustained attention

staying focused (even when hard)

6working memory

holding information in your head while you use it

7response inhibition

thinking before you act

8emotional regulation

managing your feelings (and what to do about them)

9cognitive flexibility

adapting when plans or situations change

10goal-directed persistence

having and sticking to a goal

11metacognition

noticing your own patterns, and thinking about your thinking

that's the lot. everyone has all eleven, at different levels.

everyone has all eleven. everyone's got stronger ones and weaker ones.

the useful part

executive function skills can be trained. this is well established and it's what the coaching is built on. it's slower than a life hack and it works better.

why coaching, rather than a book

the mix is what makes one person brilliant at starting things and hopeless at finishing them, and another person the reverse. and most of the problems people bring me aren't one skill either. they're three or four working against each other at the same time.

take being late. it looks like one problem. it's usually:

  1. 3time management (you genuinely thought that small last thing would only take ten minutes)
  2. 4task initiation (you need to start getting ready to leave but can't)
  3. 6working memory (you have everything and get to the door but suddenly can't remember where you put your keys even though you had them a minute ago)
  4. 8emotional regulation (you're now stressed, which makes everything worse)

that's why every piece of advice you've had about leaving earlier has bounced off. and it's why reading about one skill at a time only gets you so far. coaching looks at the combination, which is the thing that's actually happening.

want to know where you stand?

the free quiz takes five-ish minutes and gives you a profile across all eleven, with your weakest skill flagged.

prefer paper? download the printable version. free, no email needed.

alex walking along a path through long grass, looking back